Information Behavior and Access to Online Live Streaming: A Pilot Study of Avid Viewers in the Philippines
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15802/unilib/2025_347597Keywords:
freebie seekers, information seeking, information behavior, beauty pageants, live streaming, online contentAbstract
Objective. As social media progresses in the Philippines, access to entertainment and online content has become convenient for today’s digital users. Given that consumption often involves purchasing services, and online user behavior is influenced by freely available content, this study investigates how avid beauty pageant fans search for live online content. The study asks the question: how do Filipino beauty pageant fans consume online live streaming content amidst the evolving landscape of social media and digital access? Methods. This pilot study explored the previously unexamined information-seeking behaviors of individuals looking for free items when they engage with online beauty pageant content. Using a semi-structured online interview, responses were organized according to demographics and interview questions. Convenience sampling was used to gather initial data for this pilot study and improve the study design. Results. A diverse group of 14 participants took part in the online survey, with age ranging from 26 to 52 years old, belonging to different professions. 93% avid fans of beauty pageants can identify local and international pageants. Participants were able to search the information they need by searching for the official website or social media pages and by reading the comments section of social media pages for tips and links. Participants were willing to share free access with others. However, most of the participants were not willing to pay for this kind of entertainment. Since libraries have the unique ability to expand their media services and collections based on their specific missions and target audiences, libraries have to address the needs of their enthusiastic online entertainment seekers. As the data provided, 66.67% strongly agree that access to digital entertainment content should be part of the services offered by public libraries to engage users and that the same number of participants strongly agree that streaming media should be a constant service of public libraries. Conclusions. This study explored the previously unexamined information seeking behavior of individuals seeking free items when engaging with online beauty pageant content. As a call to action, libraries, as sources of media and content, may provide video streaming services to diverse users, provided they are aligned with their mission and objectives.
References
American Library Association. (2025). Equity, diversity, inclusion, and belonging: an interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights. Retriеved from https://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/librarybill/interpretations/EDI (in English)
Ankara, H. G., Degerli, H., & Degerli, H. (2024). Freebie seekers or desperate buyers? An analysis of willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine in Türkiye. Social Work in Public Health, 39(3), 276-283. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2024.2323140 (in English)
Breeding, M. (2022). Benefits and challenges for streaming media in libraries. Computers in Libraries, 42(4), 9-11.
Cho, A. (2013). YouTube and academic libraries: Building a digital collection. Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship, 25(1), 39-50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1941126X.2013.761521 (in English)
Deocampo, N. (2007). Cine: Spanish influences on early cinema in the Philippines. Anvil Publishing, Inc. (in English)
Dutta, R. (2009). Information needs and information-seeking behavior in developing countries: A review of the research. The International Information & Library Review, 41(1), 44-51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10572317.2009.10762796 (in English)
Evens, T., Henderickx, A., & Conradie, P. (2024). Technological affordances of video streaming platforms: Why people prefer video streaming platforms over television. European Journal of Communication, 39(1), 3-21. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231155731 (in English)
Fountain, K. C. (2011). Managing expectations and obligations: The librarian’s role in streaming media for online education. Proceedings of the Charleston Library Conference. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284314954 (in English)
Guo, Y., Chen, X., & Wang, C. (2023). Consumer information search in live-streaming: product involvement and the moderating role of scarcity promotion and impulsiveness. Sustainability, 15(14), 11361. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411361 (in English)
Haberlin, K. A., & Atkin, D. J. (2022). Mobile gaming and Internet addiction: When is playing no longer just fun and games? Computers in Human Behavior, 126, 106989. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106989 (in English)
Ham, M., & Lee, S. W. (2020). Factors influencing viewing behavior in live streaming: an interview-based survey of music fans. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 4(3), 50. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4030050 (in English)
Hamari, J., Hanner, N., & Koivisto, J. (2020). "Why pay premium in freemium services?" A study on perceived value, continued use and purchase intentions in free-to-play games. International Journal of Information Management, 51, 102040. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.102040 (in English)
Hamid, S., Bukhari, S., Ravana, S. D., Norman, A. A., & Ijab, M. T. (2016). Role of social media in information-seeking behaviour of international students: A systematic literature review. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 68(5), 643-666. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-03-2016-0031 (in English)
Heinze, A., Ferneley, E., & Child, P. (2013). Ideal participants in online market research: Lessons from closed communities. International Journal of Market Research, 55(6), 769-789. doi: https://doi.org/10.2501/IJMR-2013-066 (in English)
Juang, M. (2017). Forget Netflix, Amazon and Hulu – your library is the new place to stream movies. CNBC. Retriеved from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/08/public-libraries-offering-free-streaming-to-rival-netflix-hulu.html (in English)
Jyi-Chang, T., Chen, L. Y., & Ming-Han, C. (2023). Exploring consumers’ intention to use OTT video streaming platforms. The International Association of Organizational Innovation, 15(4), 115-131. Retriеved from https://www.ijoi-online.org/index.php/back-issues-11-20/31-vol-15-num-4-april-2023/436-exploring-consumers-intention-to-use-ott-video-streaming-platforms (in English)
Khoo, C. S. G. (2014). Issues in information behavior on social media. Library and Information Science Research, 24(2), 75-96. doi: https://doi.org/10.32655/LIBRES.2014.2.2 (in English)
Kim, M. S., Kim, E., Hwang, S., Kim, J., & Kim, S. (2017). Willingness to pay for over-the-top services in China and Korea. Telecommunications Policy, 41(3), 197-207. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2016.12.011 (in English)
Knight, E., Intzandt, B., MacDougall, A., & Saunders, T. J. (2015). Information seeking in social media: a review of YouTube for sedentary behavior content. Interactive Journal of Medical Research, 4(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.2196/ijmr.3835 (in English)
Kuhlthau, C. C. (1991). Inside the search process: Information seeking from the user’s perspective. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 42(5), 361-371. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199106)42:5<361::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-%23 (in English)
Lee, S., Lee, S., Joo, H., & Nam, Y. (2021). Examining factors influencing early paid over-the-top video streaming market growth: A cross-country empirical study. Sustainability, 13(10), 5702. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105702 (in English)
Lee, J. H., Clarke, R. I., & Rossi, S. (2016). A qualitative investigation of users’ discovery, access, and organization of video games as information objects. Journal of Information Science, 42(6), 833-850. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551515618594 (in English)
Leiner, D. J., & Neuendorf, N. L. (2022). Does streaming TV change our concept of television? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 66(1), 153-175. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2021.2013221 (in English)
Lim, C. T. N. (2023). Assessing the consumption pattern and expenditure of media streaming platforms in the Philippines. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 12(3), 150-170. Retriеved from http://www.buscompress.com/riber-12-3x.html (in English)
Lin, T. Y. (2020). Content, community and platform: analysis and perspective of streaming video (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Pingtung University, Pingtung City, Taiwan.
Lieu, N. T. (2013). Beauty queens behaving badly: Gender, global competition, and the making of post-refugee neoliberal Vietnamese subjects. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, 34(1), 25-57. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/fro.2013.a503837 (in English)
Lindell, K. (2023). Sounding off on streaming: Can libraries legally stream music during public programs? Retriеved from https://programminglibrarian.org/articles/sounding-streaming-can-libraries-legally-stream-music-during-public-programs (in English)
Liu, H., Tan, K. H., Kumar, A., Singh, S. K., & Chung, L. (2022a). Value co-creation in sports live streaming platforms: A microfoundations perspective. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 12674-12685. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2022.3204451 (in English)
Liu, H., Tan, K. H., & Pawar, K. (2022b). Predicting viewer gifting behavior in sports live streaming platforms: The impact of viewer perception and satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 144, 599-613. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.02.045 (in English)
Lo, R. (2006, February 13). A gallery of carnival queens. Philstar Global. Retriеved from https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2006/02/13/321436/gallery-carnival-queens (in English)
Mateo, J. (2024, February 7). Pinoys still top consumers of online video content. Philstar Global. Retriеved from https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2024/02/07/2331549/pinoys-still-top-consumers-online-video-content (in English)
Menon, D. (2022). Purchase and continuation intentions of over-the-top (OTT) video streaming platform subscriptions: A uses and gratification theory perspective. Telematics and Informatics Reports, 5, 100006. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teler.2022.100006 (in English)
NBCUniversal. (2023). Live broadcast of Miss Universe® on Telemundo breaks records delivering 122 million total engagements across platforms, the highest ever for an entertainment event on the network. Retriеved from https://www.nbcuniversal.com/article/live-broadcast-miss-universer-telemundo-breaks-records-delivering-122-million-total-engagements (in English)
Özgün, A., & Treske, A. (2021). On streaming-media platforms, their audiences, and public life. Rethinking Marxism, 33(2), 304-323. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08935696.2021.1893090 (in English)
Persaud, W. H. (2005). Gender, race and global modernity: A perspective from Thailand. Globalizations, 2(2), 210-227. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14747730500202214 (in English)
Pertierra, A. C. (2021). Entertainment publics in the Philippines. Media International Australia, 179(1), 66-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X20985960 (in English)
PressReader. (2024, September 30). How public libraries are helping bridge the digital divide. Retriеved from https://blog.pressreader.com/libraries-institutions/how-public-libraries-are-helping-bridge-the-digital-divide (in English)
Roces, M. (2021). The politics of visibility and the politics of appearances. Alon: Journal for Filipinx American and Diasporic Studies, 1(1), 1-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.5070/LN41152412 (in English)
Scheibe, K., Fietkiewicz, K. J., & Stock, W. G. (2016). Information behavior on social live streaming services. Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice, 4(2), 6-20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1633/jistap.2016.4.2.1 (in English)
Silaban, P. H., Chen, W. K., Nababan, T. S., Eunike, I. J., & Silalahi, A. D. K. (2022). How travel vlogs on YouTube influence consumer behavior: A use and gratification perspective and customer engagement. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2022(1), 1-16, 4432977. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4432977 (in English)
Srivastava, S. (2020). Global production of a feminine ideal behind the scenes of beauty pageants. Glocalism: Journal of Culture Politics and Innovation, 1, 1-15. doi: https://doi.org/10.12893/gjcpi.2020.1.10 (in English)
Srnicek, N. (2016). Platform capitalism. Polity. Retriеved from https://www.politybooks.com/bookdetail?book_slug=platform-capitalism--9781509504862 (in English)
Statista. (2024). Video content consumed online each week by internet users in the Philippines as of 3rd quarter 2024, by type. Retriеved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1290876/philippines-type-of-video-content-consumed-each-week/ (in English)
Sukserm, P. (2024). Determining the appropriate sample size in EFL pilot studies. Journal of Research Methodology, 37(3), 245-264. doi: https://doi.org/10.14456/jrm.2024.13 (in English)
Syafira, S., & Dharmmesta, B. S. (2024). Video-on-demand streaming services subscription antecedents and consequences: The uses and gratifications theory approach. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business, 39(3), 256-281. doi: https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.v39i3.8176 (in English)
Thelwall, M. (2021). Lifestyle information from YouTube influencers: some consumption patterns. Journal of Documentation, 77(6), 1209-1222. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JD-02-2021-0033 (in English)
Wall, T., & Dubber, A. (2010). Experimenting with fandom, live music, and the Internet: Applying insights from music fan culture to new media production. Journal of New Music Research, 39(2), 159-169. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2010.489645 (in English)
Wayne, M. L. (2022). Netflix audience data, streaming industry discourse, and the emerging realities of ‘popular’television. Media, Culture & Society, 44(2), 193-209. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437211022723 (in English)
What works to engage library non-users. (2025, July 10). Retriеved from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/what-works-to-engage-library-non-users/what-works-to-engage-library-non-users (in English)
Xu, J., Qiao, G., & Hou, S. (2023). Exploring factors influencing travel information-seeking intention on short video platforms. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(24), 3985-4000. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2022.2154197 (in English)
YouTube. (2025). Copyright. Retriеved from https://www.youtube.com/howyoutubeworks/policies/copyright/ (in English)







